Geography and Natural Resources

FEATURES FORMATION OF THE MODERN NATURAL STRUCTURE OF LANDSCAPES OF THE NORTHEASTERN SLOPE OF THE LESSER CAUCASUS

F.Z.Zamanov

Abstract. The article discusses the formation of the structure of modern landscapes of mountains and plains of the north-eastern slope of the Lesser Caucasus. In the process of research, it was found that in the course of the evolutionary development of moun­ta­inous relief, there was a restructuring of river valleys and areas of de­nu­da­tion and accumulation, controlled by the nature and sign of the latest tectonic movements, which led to the for­mation of the mountain, depression, foothill and plain land­scapes characterized by specific features. We determined that under the influence of centuries-old human economic activity in interfluvial spaces with favorable relief conditions, the entire complex of low-mountain, medium-mountain, and high-mountain forests were destroyed, which contributed, both in an open sys­tem, to the direct contact of high-mountain meadows with medium-mountain meadow-steppes and low-mo­untain steppes, where, in connection with by their mo­vement, speciation and speciation of herbaceous ve­ge­tation occurs. Forest landscapes in separate isolated tracts have survived in river valleys characterized by steeper slopes. The upper border of the forest under the influence of man is significantly reduced. Low-moun­tain forests have been destroyed throughout the territory of the northeastern slope of the Lesser Caucasus, and therefore their belt significance has been lost in many interfluvial spaces.

Keywords: landscape, structures, alpine meadows, steppe, post-forest landscapes.

 

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Publication Date: December 15, 2021

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