Geography and Natural Resources

MITIGATION MEASURES AGAINST FLOOD FLOWS IN AZERBAIJAN

J.H. Mammadov

Institute of Geography named after academician H.A. Aliyev, Ministry of Science and Education

Baku, Azerbaijan

[email protected]

DOI: 10.59423/gnr.2025.65.78.004

Abstract. This article is dedicated to the implementation of protective measures against floods and the methods for determining appropriate locations for embankments. The primary objective of the study is to identify scientifically grounded flood mitigation strategies. Methodologically, the study focuses on categorizing embankments based on the runoff velocity of floodwaters and the resulting hydraulic impact. The proposed measures include: The artificial dispersion of cumulonimbus rainclouds over river basins using artillery fire; The construction of a hydraulic structure at the alluvial fan of the river to divert flood flows into three separate directions; The establishment of soil embankments to resist floodwaters. The second measure is distinguished from previously used approaches by its categorized design and enhanced structural resistance. Specifically, for debris-laden and water-stone floods, the study recommends constructing reinforced concrete embankments from the beginning to the midpoint of the alluvial fan, followed by earth embankments downstream. The rationale behind extending reinforced concrete structures up to the midpoint lies in their ability to withstand the hydraulic impact along the dynamic axis of the flood flow.

Keywords: flood, mudflow, debris-laden mudflow, water-stone flow, alluvial fan, flood deposits

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Accepted for publication: June 10, 2025

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J.H. Mammadov – Mitigation measures against flood flows in Azerbaijan. Geography and Natural Resources, №1 (23), 2025, pp. 22-27.