ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL CLIMATE AND RIVERS CHANGES IN AZERBAIJAN

R.N. Mahmudov, S.H. Gurbanov, F.S. Dadashova

rza_hidromet@mail.ru
DOI: 10.59423/gnr.2024.62.62.002

Annotation. Based on the analysis of  long-term observation data, the article examines the current state of regional climate change and its impact on river flow in the country. For this purpose, observational data on precipitation, temperature and water flow for the period 1960-2023 were used 57 meteorological, 104 hydrological stations and posts located in different regions of the country. Meteorological observation data for the periods 1991-2023 and 2007-2023 were analyzed in comparison with the long-term norm covering 1961-1990, and it was found that the average long-term temperatures in the country for the period 1991-2023 were 1.1⁰C, 2007- For the period in 2023, it increased by 1.3⁰C. Climatic data were analyzed both for different regions and for different altitude intervals. An increase in seasonal temperatures corresponding to the indicated periods is also observed in other seasons except spring. In 2018, which went down in history as the hottest year in the world, the average long-term temperature in the country was +1.8⁰C, and in 2023 +2.2⁰C was above normal. The average long-term precipitation amount decreased compared to the norm by 37.0 mm. There is a decrease in long-term river flow, maximum water consumption and an increase in minimum winter flow.

Keywords: Climate changes, precipitation, temperature, water flow, regime, altitude intervals, region, norm.

References

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Accepted for publication: November 15, 2024

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R.N. Mahmudov, S.H. Gurbanov, F.S. Dadashova – Analysis of regional climate and rivers changes in Azerbaijan. Geography and Natural Resources, №2 (22), 2024, pp. 9-13.