Geography and Natural Resources

LANDSCAPE-ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND CARCASS MODEL OF SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURAL AREAS IN AZERBAIJAN

M.J.Ismayilov, E.A.Jabrayilov

Abstract. Establishment of protected areas is one of the most important activities in the conservation of na­tu­­ral resources, biodiversity and gene pools, including the pro­motion of a healthy lifestyle for people in the world. The concept of conservation of landscape-eco­lo­gi­cal di­ver­sity and sustainable development promotes the im­pro­ve­ment of socio-economic indicators and at the same time en­sures the protection of the environment and eco­sys­tems. The aim of the paper is to examine the re­lationship between landscape-ecological diversity in pro­tected areas in Azerbaijan and the factors that con­tri­bu­te to this relationship through sustainable de­ve­lop­ment. The article iden­tifies landscape-ecological dif­fe­ren­ces, including the principles and development of pro­tected areas such as National Parks, Nature Reserves and Habitat/Species Management Areas in Azerbaijan. For the first time, a landscape-ecological carcass model was developed to ensure environmental balance. A me­di­um-scale digital (1: 600,000) “ecological carcass” map of Azerbaijan has been developed, and its structural ele­ments were explored. Cur­rently, only 10.3% of the ter­ri­tory of Azerbaijan is composed of pro­tected areas. Gi­ven the anthropogenic pressure on land­scapes in Azer­ba­ijan, it has been established that the struc­ture of the ter­ritorial organization of protected areas does not comply with existing standards of environmental ba­lan­ce. To do this, proposals to increase the area of pro­tec­ted sites to 15% of the country’s territory were jus­ti­fied.

Keywords: protected areas, national park, nature re­serve, landscape-ecological diversity, sustainability, eco­logical carcass.

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