ACCOUNTING FOR ENERGY COSTS FOR CULTIVATING CERTAIN AGRICULTURAL CROPS IN NORTHERN MUGHAN

A.M. Kerimov, T.A. Nasirova

Institute of Geography PLE, Ministry of Science and Education, Baku, Azerbaijan

azad.kerimov.59@mail.ru

DOI: 10.59423/gnr.2026.69.57.010

Abstract. The large-scale challenges facing agricultural production have become significantly more complex. In accordance with the long-term comprehensive program for the development of the agricultural sector of Azerbaijan, its structure is changing and improving, and new forms of organization of production – agricultural and agro-industrial enterprises and associations – are being widely developed. This article examines a multifactorial approach to the intensification of agricultural production. Along with further expansion of the agricultural technology base (machinery, fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation, etc.), it aims to ensure more efficient use of soil and climate resources, biological inputs (species, varieties, breeds, agro-zoocenoses), advanced technologies, and new forms of production planning and organization in Northern Mughan. Energy consumption for cultivating cotton, winter wheat, corn, barley, and alfalfa on average over two years (2022-2023) at a private farm in the Saatli district of Northern Mughan is presented. As a result of the research, we can note that alfalfa cultivation is the most efficient method, and for every 1 MC of anthropogenic energy consumed, 4.9 MC of energy is returned at harvest. For silage corn, this figure is slightly lower, at 3.96 MC per 1 MC consumed; for barley, 2.87 MC; and for winter wheat, 2.06 MC. For cotton, this ratio approaches 1 MC.

Keywords: agroenergy, technological energy, Northern Mughan, agricultural crops, cultivation.

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Accepted for publication: November 20, 2025

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A.M. Kerimov, T.A. Nasirova – Accounting for energy costs for cultivating certain agricultural crops in northern Mughan. Geography and Natural Resources, №2 (24), 2025, pp. 72-77.